Shi, Shanshan
Wang, Kai http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5614-5618
Ugai, Tomotaka
Giannakis, Marios
Cazaubiel, Jules
Chan, Andrew T. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7284-6767
Giovannucci, Edward L. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6123-0219
Nowak, Jonathan A.
Meyerhardt, Jeffrey A. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1120-0898
Ogino, Shuji http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3909-2323
Song, Mingyang http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1324-0316
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | CDC | National Center for Health Statistics (U01CA261961)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Aging (R01CA263776)
Article History
Received: 2 June 2023
Revised: 13 September 2023
Accepted: 20 September 2023
First Online: 30 September 2023
Competing interests
: This study was not funded by any commercial entities. No other conflicts of interest exist. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
: The study protocol was approved by the institutional review boards of Brigham and Women’s Hospital (1999P011117) and those of participating state cancer registries as needed.
: All patients provided written informed consent.