Arter, Zhaohui L.
Desmond, Daniel http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3757-0464
Berenberg, Jeffrey L.
Killeen, Jeffrey L.
Bunch, Kristen
Merritt, Melissa A. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5067-6119
Funding for this research was provided by:
United States Department of Defense | United States Army | Army Medical Command | Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs (W81XWH-21-1-0914)
Article History
Received: 20 March 2023
Revised: 27 September 2023
Accepted: 17 October 2023
First Online: 6 December 2023
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The authors certify that the study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. The Tripler Army Medical Center committee has approved this study as Exempt Human Subjects Research (Protocol Number 19R15).
: This is an observational study involving the analysis of secondary data only. All data were deidentified. There was no direct interaction with human subjects for this study.