Liu, Chunliang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0877-410X
Reger, Michael
Fan, Hao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9281-8760
Wang, Jintao
Zhang, Jianjun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2179-2388
Article History
Received: 10 May 2024
Revised: 25 November 2024
Accepted: 4 December 2024
First Online: 16 December 2024
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All methods were conducted in compliance with the relevant ethical guidelines and regulations. The PLCO Cancer Screening Trial was approved by both the institutional review boards of the National Cancer Institute and all participating screening centres
: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.