Funding for this research was provided by:
Macmillan Cancer Support
DH | National Institute for Health Research
Article History
Received: 20 March 2024
Revised: 20 May 2025
Accepted: 17 July 2025
First Online: 9 August 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Study methods used comply with all relevant guidelines and regulations. The study received ethical approval following review from the UK Health Regulatory Authority and Care Research Wales under IRAS 277122 REC Reference 20/HRA/1165. As the study used deidentified data only direct informed consent was not required for data registered opt outs were respected.