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Authors
Wu, Yingnan
Zhou, Lei
Zhao, Jing
Peng, Yanqing
Li, Xiaoying
Wang, Yaoting
Zhu, Sutian
Hou, Chunjie
Du, Pei
Ling, Lei
Wang, Ying
Tian, Jiawei
Sun, Litao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4724-0971
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Article History
Received: 13 January 2025
Revised: 4 July 2025
Accepted: 30 July 2025
First Online: 26 August 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study protocol was centrally approved by the institutional Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (approval number: KY2016-127), which conforms to the ethical guidelines of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki. As this was a retrospective cohort study and individually identifiable information was removed during retrospective collection, informed consent was waived.
