Arendse, Kirsten D. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9046-1086
Walter, Fiona M.
Abel, Gary https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2231-5161
Rous, Brian
Hamilton, Willie
Crosbie, Emma J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0284-8630
Funston, Garth https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4156-6401
Funding for this research was provided by:
Cancer Research UK (8640/A23385)
DH | National Institute for Health Research (PR-PRU-1217-21601, NIHR300650, NIHR203308)
Article History
Received: 3 April 2025
Revised: 11 July 2025
Accepted: 13 August 2025
First Online: 17 September 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was approved by the Independent Scientific Advisory Committee (ISAC) for the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (protocol number 21_001655). All data were provided to researchers in an anonymised form using routinely collected healthcare data, and individual consent was not required. All the methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.