Hamza, Abderaouf https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6977-4213
Gestraud, Pierre https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3893-9879
Karimi, Maryam
Tran-Dien, Alicia
Syx, Laurène
Vacher, Sophie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0042-6023
Peretti, Quentin
Lacroix, Ludovic https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2535-1010
Attignon, Valery
Soubeyran, Isabelle
Jézéquel, Pascal
Planchard, David
Melaabi, Samia
Dailey-Chwalibóg, Trenton
Jimenez, Marta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4233-8478
Michiels, Stefan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6963-2968
Servant, Nicolas
Le Tourneau, Christophe https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9772-4686
Girard, Nicolas
André, Fabrice https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5795-8357
Besse, Benjamin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5090-8189
Kamal, Maud
Barlesi, Fabrice
Bièche, Ivan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2430-5429
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fondation ARC pour la Recherche sur le Cancer
AstraZeneca
Article History
Received: 11 February 2025
Revised: 24 July 2025
Accepted: 28 August 2025
First Online: 11 September 2025
Competing interests
: F Barlesi reports personal fees from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Eli Lilly Oncology, F Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Novartis, Merck, Mirati, MSD, Pierre Fabre, Pfizer, Seattle Genetics and Takeda; grants from Abbvie, ACEA, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Eisai, Eli Lilly Oncology, F Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Genentech, Ipsen, Ignyta, Innate Pharma, Loxo, Novartis, Medimmune, Merck, MSD, Pierre Fabre, Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis, and Takeda; and nonfinancial support from AstraZeneca, BMS, Merck, Pierre Fabre, and F Hoffmann-La Roche outside the submitted work. S. Michiels reports personal fees from Amaris, Roche, Sensorion, Biophytis, Servier, and Yuhan outside the submitted work. A Madroszyk reports personal fees and nonfinancial support from AstraZeneca and Roche, and nonfinancial support from Lilly outside the submitted work. I Soubeyran reports grants and nonfinancial support from AstraZeneca; grants from Takeda and ThermoFisher; and personal fees from GSK, Lilly, and Servier outside the submitted work. M. Jimenez reports grants and nonfinancial support from AstraZeneca and grants from Fondation ARC during the conduct of the study. B. Besse reports grants from 4D Pharma, AbbVie, Amgen, Aptitude Health, AstraZeneca, BeiGene, Blueprint Medicines, Boehringer Ingelheim, Celgene, Cergentis, Chugai pharmaceutical, Cristal Therapeutics, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eli Lilly, EISAI, Genzyme Corporation, GSK, Inivata, IPSEN, Janssen, Onxeo, OSE immunotherapeutics, Pfizer, Roche-Genentech, Sanofi, Takeda, Tolero Pharmaceuticals, and Turning Point Therapeutics during the conduct of the study. No disclosures were reported by the other authors.