Jiang, Heng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8394-6077
Livingston, Michael
Room, Robin
Kibret, Anteneh Ayelign
English, Dallas R. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7828-8188
Chenhall, Richard
Funding for this research was provided by:
Department of Health | National Health and Medical Research Council (GNT1141325)
Department of Education and Training | Australian Research Council (DP200101781)
Article History
Received: 25 January 2024
Revised: 16 October 2025
Accepted: 14 November 2025
First Online: 9 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was reviewed and approved by La Trobe University Human Research Ethics Committee (#HEC18094). The study used aggregate level population data and no participants were involved. A study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.