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Authors
Ma, Jianli https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0362-7075
Sun, Shengnan
Tang, Xiaowen
Wang, Jingxuan
Zhao, Wenhui
Tang, Dabei
Song, Ying
Li, Liru
Luo, Haitao
Liu, Xuhui
Deng, Yuwei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1480-6262
Zhang, Qingyuan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8116-5293
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Article History
Received: 14 May 2025
Revised: 22 October 2025
Accepted: 14 November 2025
First Online: 9 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the institutional review board of Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital (Approval no. 2019-180). All patients provided written informed consent forms. This study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
