Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Khalaf, Natalia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7585-6183
Sandoval, Gabriel
Zimolzak, Andrew J.
Kapadia, Paarth
Liu, Yan
Singh, Hardeep
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF11505)
Health Services Research and Development (CIN13-413)
Health Services Research and Development (1 IK2 HX003346-01A2)
Health Services Research and Development (CIN13-413)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (R18 HS029347)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (R01 HS028595)
VA National Center for Patient Safety
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 6 November 2024
Revised: 8 December 2025
Accepted: 25 January 2026
First Online: 14 February 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The requirement for informed consent was waived for this study because it is a retrospective chart review study involving minimal risk to participants. All study procedures involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. The study was approved by the institutional review board of Baylor College of Medicine and the Research and Development Committee at the Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center (protocol H-43229).
