Ahmad, Suhail
Butle, Ashwin
Karn, Akshay
Sunder, Roma
Mishra, Rohit
Bawaskar, Bhargavi
Parab, Pallavi
Raje, Vividh
Chaubal, Rohan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7226-8757
Shet, Tanuja
Kundu, Gopal
Gupta, Sudeep https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6742-6378
Dutt, Amit https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1119-4774
Article History
Received: 29 July 2025
Revised: 8 February 2026
Accepted: 10 March 2026
First Online: 22 April 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was approved by the Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Institutional Ethics Committee III and registered with CTRI (CTRI/2017/11/010553). All freshly preserved tumor tissues were bio-banked patients provided their written informed consent under IEC protocol 239. Since no additional procedures was required to be performed, all retrospectively collected FFPE blocks archived by our pathology department as part of standard of care were taken for this study post a waiver of patient consent as approved by our IEC under study protocol 239. All in vivo experiments were conducted with approval from the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC), TMC-ACTREC Approval No. (12/2022). All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.