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Authors
Anderson, Jack https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8531-3314
Lawton, Sarah https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0246-4026
Thackray, Katherine https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5865-1370
Kipps, Emma https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4912-8502
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Article History
Received: 6 June 2025
Revised: 30 January 2026
Accepted: 10 March 2026
First Online: 30 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The data and methods presented in this study were collected and performed under the National Disease Registries Directions 2021, in accordance with sections 254(1) and 254(6) of the 2012 Health and Social Care Act. Further ethical approval and informed consent were not required as per the definition of research according to the UK Policy Framework for Health and Social Care Research. This work uses data that have been provided by patients, collected and submitted by the NHS as part of their care and support. The data are collated, maintained and quality assured by the National Disease Registration Service, which is part of NHS England.
