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Authors
Mongiovi, Jennifer M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2083-8359
Babic, Ana
Sasamoto, Naoko
Townsend, Mary K. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2452-4477
Vitonis, Allison F.
Barnard, Mollie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4843-4655
Hecht, Jonathan
Soong, T. Rinda
Conejo-Garcia, Jose R. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6431-4074
Peres, Lauren C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6620-8600
Schildkraut, Joellen M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0990-9339
Harris, Holly R.
Doherty, Jennifer A.
Modugno, Francesmary
Fridley, Brooke L.
Tworoger, Shelley S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6986-7046
Terry, Kathryn L.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (T32CA009001)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA258679)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA258679)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R03CA259659)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA258679)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA258679)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (UM1 CA18610)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (P01 CA87969)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (U01 CA176726)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA258679)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA258679)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA258679)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (K99/R00CA218681)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA258679)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA188943)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA258679)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA258679)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA168758)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA258679)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA258679)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA258679)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (UM1 CA186107)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (P01 CA87969)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (U01 CA176726)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01CA258679)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (UM1 CA186107)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (P01 CA87969)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (U01 CA176726)
U.S. Department of Defense (W81XWH2110320)
M. Barnard received support from the Karin Grunebaum Cancer Research Foundation.
Florida Department of Health (9JK02)
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Article History
Received: 10 September 2025
Revised: 6 May 2026
Accepted: 5 June 2026
First Online: 27 June 2026
Ethics
Competing interests: LCP has received research funding from Bristol Myers Squibb, Karyopharm, and Janssen unrelated to this work. All other authors declare no conflict of interest.
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study involved human participants, human data, and human tissue from the African American Cancer Epidemiology Study, Diseases of the Ovary and their Evaluation Study, Hormones and Ovarian Cancer Prediction Study, New England Case Control Study, Nurses’ Health Study, and Nurses’ Health Study II. All participants provided written informed consent or implied consent by completion of questionnaires. Study protocols were approved by the relevant Institutional Review Boards or ethics committees at each study site, as well as those of relevant registries where applicable. The study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
