Chen, Chiao-Ping https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6021-1083
Hung, Tsai-Hsien
Huang, Yenlin
Pan, Yi-Ru https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5812-2674
Yeh, Chun-Nan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1455-092X
Huang, Wen-Kuan
Hsiao, Yu-Tien
Lo, Chih-Hong
Yu, Alice L.
Yu, John https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3237-4272
Wu, Chiao-En https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1081-8805
Article History
Received: 12 May 2025
Revised: 7 September 2025
Accepted: 18 September 2025
First Online: 22 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The authors confirm that all methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. The use of patient specimens and the relevant database were approved by the Institutional Review Board of Chang Gung Medical Foundation (approval number: 201902000B0C102). All animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC, No. 2019120402) of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linko.