Tan, Xianglong https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0111-2074
Kroneberg, Michael
Sun, Fei
Diaz, Kevin Avelar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4506-1662
Flora, Alisha
Carey, Michael F.
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (R01 GM074701)
Article History
Received: 28 April 2025
Revised: 19 September 2025
Accepted: 30 September 2025
First Online: 3 December 2025
Conflict of interest
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. This study analyzed de-identified, publicly available human data from TCGA and performed experiments using established human cell lines (A549, H23, and B2B) only. No human participants or animals were involved, and no identifiable personal data or images were used. Accordingly, ethics committee approval and informed consent to participate were not applicable.