Shi, Ruxue https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8555-4069
Gu, Kai
Li, Haichuan
Sun, Qingwei https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8857-929X
Wu, Xinyu
Huang, Shuhong https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6298-6192
Hu, Qingxia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2508-5552
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82002691)
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2020QC068)
Article History
Received: 30 August 2025
Revised: 9 January 2026
Accepted: 5 February 2026
First Online: 14 April 2026
Conflict of interest
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the study was vested with the authority to the Ethics Committee of Shandong Provincial Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (R202406110275). All the patients participating in the research have signed the informed consent form. The animal assays were officially permitted to the Animal Ethics Committee of Shandong Provincial Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (W202406110553).