Goubet, Anne-Gaëlle https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3431-3067
Dubuisson, Agathe https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7526-0769
Geraud, Arthur
Danlos, François-Xavier
Terrisse, Safae
Silva, Carolina Alves Costa
Drubay, Damien
Touri, Lea
Picard, Marion
Mazzenga, Marine
Silvin, Aymeric
Dunsmore, Garett
Haddad, Yacine
Pizzato, Eugenie
Ly, Pierre
Flament, Caroline
Melenotte, Cléa
Solary, Eric https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8629-1341
Fontenay, Michaela
Garcia, Gabriel
Balleyguier, Corinne
Lassau, Nathalie
Maeurer, Markus
Grajeda-Iglesias, Claudia
Nirmalathasan, Nitharsshini
Aprahamian, Fanny
Durand, Sylvère
Kepp, Oliver https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6081-9558
Ferrere, Gladys
Thelemaque, Cassandra
Lahmar, Imran
Fahrner, Jean-Eudes https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6581-8418
Meziani, Lydia
Ahmed-Belkacem, Abdelhakim https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6489-5091
Saïdani, Nadia
La Scola, Bernard
Raoult, Didier
Gentile, Stéphanie
Cortaredona, Sébastien
Ippolito, Giuseppe https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1076-2979
Lelouvier, Benjamin
Roulet, Alain
Andre, Fabrice
Barlesi, Fabrice
Soria, Jean-Charles
Pradon, Caroline
Gallois, Emmanuelle
Pommeret, Fanny
Colomba, Emeline
Ginhoux, Florent https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2857-7755
Kazandjian, Suzanne
Elkrief, Arielle
Routy, Bertrand
Miyara, Makoto
Gorochov, Guy
Deutsch, Eric https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8223-3697
Albiges, Laurence
Stoclin, Annabelle
Gachot, Bertrand
Florin, Anne
Merad, Mansouria
Scotte, Florian
Assaad, Souad
Kroemer, Guido https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9334-4405
Blay, Jean-Yves https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7190-120X
Marabelle, Aurélien https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5816-3019
Griscelli, Frank
Zitvogel, Laurence https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1596-0998
Derosa, Lisa
Article History
Received: 30 January 2021
Revised: 26 May 2021
Accepted: 28 May 2021
First Online: 6 July 2021
Conflict of interest
: LZ and GK are cofounders of everImmune, a biotech company devoted to the use of commensal microbes for the treatment of cancers. AG and AM as part of the Drug Development Department (DITEP) are Principal/sub-Investigator of Clinical Trials for Abbvie, Adaptimmune, Aduro Biotech, Agios Pharmaceuticals, Amgen, Argen-X Bvba, Arno Therapeutics, Astex Pharmaceuticals, Astra Zeneca, Astra Zeneca Ab, Aveo, Bayer Healthcare Ag, Bbb Technologies Bv, Beigene, Bioalliance Pharma, Biontech Ag, Blueprint Medicines, Boehringer Ingelheim, Boston Pharmaceuticals, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Bristol-Myers Squibb International Corporation, Ca, Celgene Corporation, Cephalon, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Clovis Oncology, Cullinan-Apollo, Daiichi-Sankyo, Debiopharm S.A., Eisai, Eisai Limited, Eli Lilly, Exelixis, Forma Tharapeutics, Gamamabs, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Glaxosmithkline, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals, H3 Biomedicine, Hoffmann-La Roche Ag, Incyte Corporation, Innate Pharma, Institut De Recherche Pierre Fabre, Iris Servier, Janssen Cilag, Janssen Research Foundation, Kura Oncology, Kyowa Kirin Pharm. Dev., Lilly France, Loxo Oncology, Lytix Biopharma As, Medimmune, Menarini Ricerche, Merck Kgaa, Merck Sharp & Dohme Chibret, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Merus, Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Molecular Partners Ag, Nanobiotix, Nektar Therapeutics, Nerviano Medical Sciences, Novartis Pharma, Octimet Oncology Nv, Oncoethix, Oncomed, Oncopeptides, Onyx Therapeutics, Orion Pharma, Oryzon Genomics, Ose Pharma, Pfizer, Pharma Mar, Philogen S.P.A., Pierre Fabre Medicament, Plexxikon, Rigontec Gmbh, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Sierra Oncology, Sotio A.S, Syros Pharmaceuticals, Taiho Pharma, Tesaro, Tioma Therapeutics, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals France, Xencor, Y’s Therapeutics, Research Grants from Astrazeneca, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen Cilag, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi. Non-financial support (drug supplied) from Astrazeneca, Bayer, BMS, Boringher Ingelheim, Johnson & Johnson, Lilly, Medimmune, Merck, NH TherAGuiX, Pfizer, Roche. NL reports to be a Speaker at Jazz Pharmaceutical E.D. reports grants and personal fees from ROCHE GENENTECH, grants from SERVIER, grants from ASTRAZENECA, grants and personal fees from MERCK SERONO, grants from BMS, grants from MSD, outside the submitted work. OK is a cofounder of Samsara Therapeutics. F.B. reports personal fees from Astra Zeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly Oncology,ß. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Novartis, Merck, MSD, Pierre Fabre, Pfizer and Takeda, outside the submitted work. J-CS was a full-time employee of Astra Zeneca between September 2017 and December 2019, he reports consultancy: Relay Therapeutics, Gritstone Oncology and shares: Gritstone, Astra Zeneca, Daiichi-Sankyo, outside the submitted work. LA reports consulting fees compensated to institution for Pfizer, Novartis, Bristol Myer Squibb, Ipsen, Roche, MSD, Astra Zeneca, Merck, Amgen, Astellas, Exelixis, Corvus Pharmaceuticals, Peloton Therapeutics, outside the submitted work. FS reports consulting fees from AMGEN, Roche, Chugai, Mylan, Mundi Pharma, Leo Pharma, Pierre Fabre Oncology, Helsinn, MSD, Pfizer, BMS, outside the submitted work.
: The ONCOVID trial was conducted in accordance with Good Clinical Practice guidelines and the provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki. All patients provided written informed consent. Protocol approval was obtained from an independent ethics committee (ethics protocol number EudraCT No: 2020-001250-21). The protocol is available with the full text of this article at . The part of the research including healthcare workers was conducted in compliance with General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the French Data Protection Authority’s recommendation about Data Protection in clinical researches. Gustave Roussy Data Protection Officer (DPO) has evaluated this project and sent to the principal investigator a formalized operational action plan about data protection compliance. The Cancer_FR2 cohort used individuals from a clinical study approved by the IHU Méditerranée Infections review board committee (Méditerranée Infection No.: 2020-021). The Cancer_CA cohort used individuals from a clinical study approved by the institutional ethics committee at each site (Ethics number: MP-02- 2020-8911 and H20-00892). The Cancer_FR1_CR was also declared to the Gustave Roussy Cancer Centre’s DPO and registered on the website of the French Healthcare Data Institute (declaration number: MR4911200520).