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Authors
Shi, Jiachen
Liu, Weile
Song, Alison https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6102-6867
Sanni, Timi
Van Deusen, Amy
Zunder, Eli R.
Deppmann, Christopher D. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6591-1767
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS111220, R01NS136342)
Owens Family Foundation
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Article History
Received: 13 March 2025
Revised: 10 September 2025
Accepted: 9 October 2025
First Online: 21 October 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All animal experiments were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Animal husbandry and experimental procedures were reviewed and approved by the University of Virginia Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) under protocol no. 3795.
: During the preparation of this work, the author(s) used [ChatGPT] and [Claude from Anthropic] in order to assist with drafting and refining the manuscript text. After using these tools or services, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the publication.
