Leone, M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6839-6265
Kinz, N.
Eichin, F. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0085-1097
Obwegs, D. https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0011-073X
Sladky, V. C.
Braun, V. Z. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0858-3775
Hirschberger, R.
Rizzotto, D. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0106-7496
Englmaier, L.
Manzl, C.
Moos, K.
Mergner, J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4332-1280
Giansanti, P.
Martinez-Garcia, N. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9653-9745
Marques, M. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2818-035X
Jacotot, E. D. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5301-1569
Eblahed, L.
Yousif, R.
Wright, M. K.
Dawood, D.
Maupome, L. S.
Savko, C.
Boerries, M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3670-0602
Sussman, M. A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0104-4799
Villunger, A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8259-4153
Funding for this research was provided by:
Austrian Science Fund (I6662)
Austrian Science Fund (P36658)
Austrian Science Fund (M3115B)
Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (INST 95/1650-1)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (CRC/TRR353)
California Tobacco Related Disease Research Program
Article History
Received: 20 May 2025
Revised: 31 October 2025
Accepted: 2 December 2025
First Online: 12 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: We confirm that all methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. Animal protocols and experimental procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at San Diego State University (#22-03-002S), the Austrian Ministry for Women, Science and Research (#2025-0.081.158), and the Dirección General de Producción Agropecuaria de la Junta de Castilla y León. (#OEBA-ULE-018-2021).