Wu, Re-Wen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3698-1704
Lian, Wei-Shiung https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3462-3620
Lin, Yu-Han https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1523-6940
Chen, Yu-Shan https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8267-8507
Wang, Shao-Yu https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6770-5261
Wu, Shin-Long https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0829-4379
Lin, Mei-Yao https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1993-1791
Jahr, Holger https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-5584
Wang, Feng-Sheng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6025-6073
Article History
Received: 7 January 2025
Revised: 23 February 2026
Accepted: 17 March 2026
First Online: 1 April 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All methods involving human bone specimens were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant national guidelines and regulations in Taiwan. The protocols were reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Chang Gung Medical Foundation (IRB Affidavit #201701826B0 and #202002225B0), and written informed consent was obtained from all patients. Animal experiments described were performed in compliance with the Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, Taiwan. Animal protocols were reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (IACUC Affidavit #2020121201).