Liu, Qianyun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9179-4867
Lu, Yuchi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5169-1540
Cai, Chenguang
Huang, Yanyan
Zhou, Li https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6736-0057
Guan, Yanbin
Fu, Shiying
Lin, Youyou
Yan, Huan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8744-8665
Zhang, Zhen
Li, Xiang
Yang, Xiuna https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3443-9815
Yang, Haitao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1875-3268
Guo, Hangtian https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5213-9600
Lan, Ke https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0384-8598
Chen, Yu https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1300-4652
Hou, Shin-Chen https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4030-9685
Xiong, Yi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5064-4320
Article History
Received: 31 January 2024
Revised: 29 May 2024
Accepted: 31 May 2024
First Online: 28 June 2024
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The mouse experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (WP2022-0044). The protocols and procedures for handling infectious SARS-CoV-2 in an Animal Biosafety Level-III Laboratory facility were approved by the Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC). All the samples were inactivated according to IBC-approved standard procedures for the removal of specimens from high containment. This research does not involve human subjects, human material, or human data.