Snacel-Fazy, Emmanuel
Soubéran, Aurélie
Grange, Magali
Joseph, Kevin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6317-8736
Colin, Carole
Morando, Philippe
Luche, Hervé https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4309-8338
Pagano, Alessandra
Brustlein, Sophie
Debarbieux, Franck
Toutain, Soline
Siret, Carole
van de Pavert, Serge A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7147-4380
Rougon, Geneviève
Figarella-Branger, Dominique
Ravi, Vidhya Madapusi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0062-2099
Tabouret, Emeline
Tchoghandjian, Aurélie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6573-6516
Article History
Received: 22 December 2023
Revised: 2 September 2024
Accepted: 4 September 2024
First Online: 15 September 2024
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Human glioblastoma samples were obtained from the center of biological resources of AP-HM (CRB BB-0033-00097) according to a protocol approved by the local institutional review board and ethics committee (2014-A00585–42) and conducted according to national regulations. All the patients provided written informed consent. The study was performed in accordance with the declaration of Helsinki. All in vivo experimental procedures and animal care were carried out in accordance with the guidelines of the French Government, reviewed and approved by the Regional Institutional Committee for Ethics on Animal Experiments under the authorization number 22184-2019092410097285 and 21353-2019070411491375. According to the national ethics committee, tumor evolution was controlled by monitoring the clinical condition and symptoms of the animal. The ethics committee has defined decision criteria for the sacrifice of animals after a maximum limit of tumor evolution. These criteria are weight loss greater than or equal to 20% and deterioration in clinical score. These decisions are in line with Council Directive 2010/63/EU, which requires animals to be sacrificed as soon as possible when death is foreseeable, in order to reduce the duration and intensity of suffering.