Kim, Minsoo https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5081-2935
Hong, Woosol Chris
Kang, Hyeon Woong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7633-2373
Kim, Ju Hyun
Lee, Dongyong
Cheong, Jae-Ho https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1703-1781
Jung, Hye-Sol
Kwon, Wooil
Jang, Jin-Young
Kim, Hyo Jung https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3514-1247
Park, Joon Seong
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Research Foundation of Korea (2022R1A2C1004141, 2022R1A2C2011122, 2022R1A2C1091712)
Article History
Received: 17 October 2024
Revised: 7 February 2025
Accepted: 24 February 2025
First Online: 7 March 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
: This study adhered to the ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the Gangnam Severance Hospital (no. 3-2021-0414). Biospecimens (tissues) were collected from the patients with PDAC and individuals with normal pancreas who underwent surgical resection or tissue biopsy at the Gangnam Severance Hospital.