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Authors
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82172714; 81602281)
Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (20ZR1443900)
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Article History
Received: 6 August 2024
Revised: 13 May 2025
Accepted: 5 June 2025
First Online: 20 June 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital (approval no. H20100211). All included respondents signed the informed consent. All experiments involving human samples were conducted following the Declaration of Helsinki. All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital (approval no. AE22052302) and followed the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA).
