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Authors
Ren, Ruimei
Zhang, Shan
Peng, Zhan
Ji, Xiaomeng
Song, Hao
Wang, Qiuxiao
Sun, Xiangyin
Wang, Huiyu
Dong, Yinying https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0660-5093
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Article History
Received: 19 November 2024
Revised: 9 May 2025
Accepted: 26 June 2025
First Online: 20 July 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All animal experiments were performed according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (approved number: SYXK: 2018–0039). HCC specimens were procured from patients providing written informed consent, with protocol authorization granted by the Research Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China (Approval code: QYFY WZLL 29040). All human participant procedures strictly conformed to institutional research ethics standards and adhered to the principles outlined in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments.
