Pegoraro, Anna
De Marchi, Elena
Ruo, Luigia
Zanoni, Michele https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1826-9430
Chioccioli, Sofia
Caderni, Giovanna
Alfieri, Letizia
Grignolo, Marianna
Ulivi, Paola
Passardi, Alessandro
Gallo, Graziana
Antonioli, Luca
Di Virgilio, Francesco
Adinolfi, Elena https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8129-9929
Funding for this research was provided by:
Programmi di Ricerca Scientifica di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale
Article History
Received: 18 October 2024
Revised: 24 June 2025
Accepted: 15 July 2025
First Online: 4 August 2025
Competing interests
: The late FDV was a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of Biosceptre Ltd. (UK), and a consultant at Breye Therapeutics (Denmark) and at Crosslink Therapeutics Inc (USA). All other authors declare no conflict of interest.
: Patients’ samples were collected in accordance with the IRST Ethics committee (CEROM IRST IRCCS-AVR, protocol code: IRST B125 approved on the 19th of March 2021). All the patients had signed informed consent prior to surgery. The animal study was reviewed and approved by Organismo Preposto al Benessere Animale (OPBA, Organism for Animal Wellbeing), the University of Ferrara, and the Italian Ministry of Health. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines.