Yao, Jiannan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4982-4460
Huang, Xuying https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5907-6880
Sun, Qianqian
Zhao, Wenjing
Weygant, Nathaniel
Fan, Xiaona
Liu, Heshu
Xiao, Zeru
Yan, Rui
Ge, Yang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4855-6417
An, Guangyu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0565-5028
Liu, Jian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8969-8446
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82172913)
2024 Reform and Development Program of Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine
Beijing Hospitals Authority Youth Programme
Article History
Received: 25 November 2024
Revised: 30 June 2025
Accepted: 29 July 2025
First Online: 7 August 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The experimental protocol was established according to the ethical guidelines of the Helsinki Declaration and was approved by the Human Ethics Committee of Beijing Chao-yang Hospital (approval number: 2021-676). Written informed consent was obtained from individual or guardian participants.