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Authors
Yu, Yating
Wang, Zixuan
Yang, Ailu
Wang, Yucan
Bao, Cuiping
Zhuo, Li
Han, Qiuju https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6511-2308
Zhao, Huajun
Zhang, Jian https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5106-1397
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Article History
Received: 3 December 2024
Revised: 21 August 2025
Accepted: 10 September 2025
First Online: 13 October 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All animal experiments were performed in accordance with the Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and the Ethical Committee of Shandong University and using protocols approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Shandong University (approval number: 230018). The human study was approved by the guidelines of the Ethics Committee of Shandong University (approval number: KYLL-2023-278). All procedures were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all participants for the use of samples and clinical data in experiments and for publication.
