Liu, Waner
Zhang, Xu
Liang, Xiaowei
Guo, Yeye
Zhou, Zhe
Zhu, Susi
Peng, Cong https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7104-5490
Chen, Xiang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8187-636X
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82221002)
Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province
Article History
Received: 23 January 2025
Revised: 22 August 2025
Accepted: 17 September 2025
First Online: 6 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The animal protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University (Changsha, China), and the volume of the subcutaneous tumor does not exceed the required maximum tumor size of 2000 mm 3 .