Woo, Evan
Tasnim, Faiza
Kawamata, Hibiki https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0020-6933
Manfredi, Giovanni
Konrad, Csaba https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1157-4574
Article History
Received: 24 December 2024
Revised: 8 September 2025
Accepted: 7 October 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All methods were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Human dermal fibroblast samples were provided to our laboratory as de-identified, coded specimens. Samples originated from the NINDS Repository and collaborating source institutions and were transferred under executed MTAs. Informed consent for participation and sample banking was obtained by the source institutions from all participants prior to de-identification and transfer to our laboratory. No experiments involving live vertebrate animals were conducted in this study. This article does not include any identifiable images or personally identifying information of human participants.