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Authors
Qiu, Haowen
Liu, Yi
Zhou, Haimeng https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9243-2675
Hu, Lingjuan
Qi, Wei
Ma, Honglu
Liu, Yaoyi
Li, Le
Yang, Nanyang
Huang, Meiqin
Du, Runlei https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7890-9781
Meng, Lijuan
Shi, Feng
Wang, Baiqi
Yu, Li
Zhang, Xiaodong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5137-7145
Li, Guoqing https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8169-0434
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Article History
Received: 1 May 2025
Revised: 12 September 2025
Accepted: 13 October 2025
First Online: 10 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects promulgated by the National Health Commission of China. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China (Approval No. 2024085). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to sample collection. Since no identifiable images of participants are included in this manuscript, additional consent for publication of images was not applicable. This study did not involve clinical trials requiring registration.
