Chen, Lu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9490-7671
Han, Zhiqiang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8414-2046
Tian, Xiangdong
Zhu, Kangwei
Gong, Wenchen
Liu, Yun
Wang, Yimeng
Xia, Yuren
Song, Peipei
Tang, Wei
Kokudo, Norihiro
Chen, Liwei
Luo, Yi
He, Yuchao
Song, Tianqiang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5979-5213
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82473308, 82373365, 82472991, 82203423, 82403771, 82103672, 82173317)
Scientific and Technological Projects of Tianjin
Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin
Tianjin Health Science and Technology Project
Article History
Received: 13 April 2025
Revised: 19 September 2025
Accepted: 13 October 2025
First Online: 28 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in this study. Approval for this clinical research was granted by the Medical Ethics Committee of Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital (Approval number: Ek2023045). And the study-related animal experiments were approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee (Approval number: NSFC-AE-2023037) of Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, and the study was conducted in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki.