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Authors
Dong, Yihan https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3726-2189
Qiu, Aixin
Liu, Shuang
Pan, Yuejing
Lin, Tianyu https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8656-5095
Wang, Rui
Chen, Ruibing https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1149-8049
Jiang, Huamao
Yu, Yang
Wang, Yong
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Article History
Received: 10 June 2025
Revised: 10 October 2025
Accepted: 3 November 2025
First Online: 8 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study received approval from the Ethics Committee of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University. All procedures involving human participants adhered to ethical standards set by the Institutional and National Research Councils, as well as the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments. All patients signed informed consent forms. Animal welfare and experimental procedures followed the Animal Care Guidelines, with all animal experiments conducted in strict compliance with the protocol approved by the Tianjin Medical University Ethics Committee (TMUaMEC 2025010).
