Sun, Zedong
Zhou, Minmin
Song, Ningdan
Wang, Can
Liu, Mingrui
He, Simian
Ji, Feifan
Chen, Jiayu
Xu, Lin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6490-1471
Zheng, Xiufen
Ren, Binhui https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6741-3887
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82172624)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82002435)
Jiangsu Province Capability Improvement Project through Science, Technology and Education, Jiangsu Provincial Medical Innovation Center
Youth Cultivation Funding of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University
Article History
Received: 20 June 2025
Revised: 9 November 2025
Accepted: 14 November 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All authors approved the final manuscript and the submission to this journal.
: All animal experiments were conducted in accordance with approved protocols from the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Hainan Medical University, following ARRIVE guidelines. Experimental procedures were approved and conducted at Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research. The study was also approved by the Ethics Committee of Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients or their authorized representatives.