Document is current

Article History

Received: 26 March 2025

Revised: 29 October 2025

Accepted: 26 November 2025

First Online: 14 December 2025

Ethics approval and consent to participate

: All experimental procedures were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. The experiments with the mouse primary neurons (C57Bl6 mouse strain) were approved (CCD no.AVD10500202215899) and conducted according to the rules of the animal experimentation committee (DEC) at the University of Groningen. Experiments were conducted exclusively on the C. elegans OW40 (zgls15[P(unc-54)::αsyn::YFP]IV) strain. The tissue samples of the 21 subjects described in this study were obtained during routine post-mortem procedures for which concent was given. These tissues samples are part of the larger BRAIN-cohort (Brain Research in Aging Inflammation and Neurodegeneration). The use of these post mortem tissues was evaluated by the Medical Ethical Evaluation Committee (METc) of the University Medical Center Groningen reviewed the study (reference number METc 2021/496). The METc concluded that the described work does not constitute clinical research with human subjects as defined by the Medical Research Involving Human Subjects Act (WMO). The Local Review Board of the UMCG (LTc) for non-WMO research positively reviewed the described protocol (research registration number 202100608). Therefore, by European regulations and Dutch law, the samples can be used for scientific purposes. No identifiable images or data from human participants are included in this manuscript.

: The authors declare no competing interests.