Wei, Jun-Dong
Cheng, Kai
Wu, Xiaoyu
Zhang, Luyi
Wang, Qinle
Liang, Yetian
Zhu, Ziqi
Meng, Weijia
Chen, Wangyang
Guan, Xingang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3776-1818
Yang, Hui https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2865-5311
Zhou, Lisha https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7038-4984
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81871870 and 82073069)
Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (LY21H160008)
Article History
Received: 29 March 2025
Revised: 28 October 2025
Accepted: 26 November 2025
First Online: 14 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. All animal experiments were approved by the Taizhou University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (approval no. TZXY-2024-20241161), and the use of human HCC tissues and patient information was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Outdo Biotech Company (approval no. SHYJS-CP-1701002). Informed consent was obtained from all human participants.