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Authors
Si, Rujia
Shen, Ziyang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6923-8338
Sui, Ying https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8681-6519
Shi, Yue
Zhang, Yihan
Hu, Bowen
Chen, Xin
Feng, Bing
Zhu, Miao Lin
Sha, Xiaofeng
Ding, Ning
Zhou, Guoren
Jiang, Feng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6569-5956
Xu, Cong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82272863)
Nanjing Medical University (2024KF0228)
The Yishan Research Project of Jiangsu Cancer Hospital
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Article History
Received: 14 April 2025
Revised: 1 November 2025
Accepted: 4 December 2025
First Online: 20 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All authors agree with the content of the manuscript.
: The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals standards were followed in all animal research procedures. This study adheres to internationally accepted standards for animal research, following the 3Rs principle. The ARRIVE guidelines were employed for reporting experiments involving live animals, promoting ethical research practices.
: Animal welfare and ethical review of the experiments were conducted by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Nanjing Medical University (IACUC-2404053). Patient ethics were approved by the Ethics Committee of Jiangsu Cancer Hospital (KY-2024-028). Relevant documentation is included in the supplementary material.
