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Authors
Huang, Hongli https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6586-3857
Chai, Yihan
Wu, Xuewei https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1047-0041
Wang, Sen https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5364-7179
Li, Binglin https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6219-9376
Wang, Yanyan
Zheng, Wen https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2718-1549
Wu, Yuefeng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9351-1720
Meng, Di
Wang, Hua https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5186-4165
Tu, Zhengliang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1990-7265
Du, Chengli https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5753-6234
Lyu, Xiayi
Li, Guiying https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7910-5387
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Article History
Received: 19 January 2025
Revised: 13 November 2025
Accepted: 4 December 2025
First Online: 26 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval for the research was obtained from the institutional review boards of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University and Zhejiang University (Approval No. IIT20230513B-R1). Prior to inclusion in the study, written informed consent was obtained from all patients (or their legally authorized representatives). The case details, de-identified to protect the privacy of the patients, are used for publication. All data were handled confidentially and used solely for research purposes. No patient photo or clinical trial is involved in the study. All animal procedures were reviewed and approved by the Experimental Animal Welfare Committee of Zhejiang University (Protocol No. ZJU20230534). All experiments were carried out in compliance with the institutional guidelines of Zhejiang University and the national regulations of China for the care and use of laboratory animals. The experimental mice were raised in a certified pathogen-free facility and handled in accordance with humane practices.
