Qi, Yanhua https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5821-7550
Zhao, Rongrong
Zhang, Xinglong
Xia, Huize
Zhang, Ping
Wang, Qingtong
Zhao, Shulin
Wang, Shaobo
Zhao, Hongyu
Guo, Xiaofan
Qiu, Wei
Li, Boyan
Pan, Ziwen
Qiu, Jiawei
Gao, Zijie
Wang, Chengwei
Lu, Haiquan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6570-7208
Article History
Received: 21 June 2025
Revised: 10 December 2025
Accepted: 21 January 2026
First Online: 31 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The animal experiments were performed in accordance with Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) guidelines and were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of the Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Approval No. DWLL-2023-169). All participants provided written informed consent, and the research was approved by the Ethical Committee on Scientific Research of Shandong University Qilu Hospital (approval number: KYLL-2022(ZM)-439).