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Authors
Zhan, Lei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7926-8573
Li, Xiaoxi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2295-9533
Li, Xiaoyan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9806-1850
Fei, Qian https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1638-8583
Jin, Yue https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5233-9110
Yu, Jiaxing https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0104-4682
Tian, Luyao
Li, Feifei https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1321-3385
Li, Chunning
Dong, Qian https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9810-1368
Zhang, Yong https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9124-6281
Sun, Shulan
Zhang, Jingdong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0711-2764
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Article History
Received: 26 July 2025
Revised: 11 February 2026
Accepted: 4 March 2026
First Online: 26 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Approval to conduct studies with human participants was granted by the Ethics Committee of Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute (20201202). The animal studies and procedures were approved by the Institutional Review Board of China Medical University, adhering strictly to their guidelines (KT2020090). Informed consent was obtained from all participants.
