Onofrio, Luisina Inés https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5406-8137
Abrate, Carolina
Strusberg, Ingrid
Morales, Liliana
Ceschin, Danilo Guillermo
Montes, Carolina Lucía
Stempin, Cinthia Carolina
Acosta Rodríguez, Eva https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5871-2391
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation, Argentina | Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (PIDC 2021-00006)
Ministry of Science, Technology and Productive Innovation, Argentina | Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (PICT 2020-01447)
Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI169482)
Article History
Received: 6 October 2025
Revised: 16 February 2026
Accepted: 9 March 2026
First Online: 24 March 2026
Competing interests
: Dr. Ingrid Strusberg and Dr. Liliana Morales have participated as sub-investigators in clinical trials sponsored by pharmaceutical companies developing JAK inhibitors. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Instituto Médico Strusberg (Córdoba, Argentina). The protocol entitled “Efecto de los inhibidores de JAK kinasas en la modulación de la respuesta inmune de memoria en pacientes con artritis reumatoidea” and its informed consent form (Protocol version 6.0, dated November 2, 2023; Consent version 5.0, dated November 2, 2023) were reviewed and approved on November 8, 2023 (Ethics Committee Reference No. 02). All participants provided written informed consent prior to inclusion in the study.
: ChatGPT (OpenAI) was used exclusively to improve the clarity and grammar of the manuscript. The tool did not contribute to data analysis, interpretation, or scientific conclusions. All scientific content, methodology, and interpretations are the sole responsibility of the authors, and all AI-assisted edits were reviewed and approved by the authors before submission.