Huang, Hui https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5024-3006
Ni, Kaixiang
Li, Chenhua
Cai, Maorong https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8199-903X
Liu, Yuankun
Zhang, Jiahao
Shen, Yifan
Chen, Yuning
Sun, Jun
Shao, Junfei
Liu, Yi
Ji, Wei
Jiao, Jiantong https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7246-7349
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82472723)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82172955)
the 2024 Jiangsu Province Graduate Student Practice Program
the Key Project of the Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission
Article History
Received: 21 February 2025
Revised: 18 March 2026
Accepted: 10 April 2026
First Online: 22 April 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All methods and experimental protocols in this study were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations (including the Declaration of Helsinki for human studies and the ARRIVE guidelines for animal research). For human-related research, approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board and Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Reference number: (2023)109). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their inclusion in the study. Furthermore, for any identifiable images originating from human research participants, the authors have obtained separate written informed consent for publication of these images. For animal-related research, all procedures involving live vertebrates were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Reference number: (2023)114) and were performed in strict compliance with the institutional animal care regulations and the ARRIVE guidelines.
: The authors declare that the manuscript, or any part of it, has not been previously published or submitted concurrently to any other journal.