Xiao, Ying https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5466-5193
Ma, Luyuan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4040-6780
Li, Xinyang
Dong, Shilong
Wang, Jiachao
Liu, Yuexia
Wang, Yadong https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0140-0674
Zhao, Caiyan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5997-4641
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (H2025206547)
the Central Government-Guided Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project (Science and Technology Innovation Base Project)
the Hebei Province Graduate Innovation Funding Project
Article History
Received: 16 January 2026
Revised: 31 March 2026
Accepted: 15 April 2026
First Online: 27 April 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.