Liu, Xianzhi https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0466-8856
Wang, Peng
Zeng, Wei
Liu, Huajie
Lin, Jun
Gan, Wenxuan
Yu, Meilian
Zheng, Yanyan
Luo, Qian
Zhang, Mingqing https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4959-6123
Li, Mingkai
Gong, Yihang
He, Weiling https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4061-7382
Article History
Received: 19 February 2026
Revised: 11 July 2026
Accepted: 24 July 2026
First Online: 13 August 2026
Ethics
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University (Approval No. XAHLL2025044). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants, including healthy volunteers and patients with liver fibrosis, prior to enrollment. All animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of Xiamen University (Approval No. XMULAC20250117) and were conducted in accordance with the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. All animal studies were performed using male C57BL/6 mice. All methods were carried out in accordance with the relevant institutional guidelines and regulations.