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Article History

Received: 17 November 2024

Revised: 11 February 2025

Accepted: 28 February 2025

First Online: 12 March 2025

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: All experiments involving Drosophila melanogaster were conducted in accordance with ethical guidelines and regulations for the use of invertebrate animals in research. Drosophila strains and crosses were maintained under standard laboratory conditions, with controlled temperature, humidity, and light cycles, and were provided with appropriate food and water. All experimental protocols were designed to adhere to the principles of the 3Rs (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement) to ensure humane treatment of the flies. No vertebrate animals were used in this study, and all efforts were made to use the minimum number of flies necessary to achieve statistically significant results. The welfare of the flies was monitored throughout the experiments.