Bian, Zhouliang https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2735-4099
Chen, Biying
Guo, Jiahui
Zhang, Jiamin
Du, Guangye
He, Shufang
Yuan, Haihua
Zhou, Yue
Jiang, Bin https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3878-2832
Min, Daliu
Ye, Dingwei
Su, Hengchuan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3163-1433
Zhang, Yanjie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7425-8632
Article History
Received: 15 April 2025
Revised: 10 September 2025
Accepted: 6 October 2025
First Online: 7 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (approval number: SH9H-2019-T279-3) and the Research Ethics Committee of Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University (approval number: 050432-4-2108*). All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.