Lu, Tingting
Zhang, Jie
Xuzhang, Wendi
Quan, Xiru
Jie, Guangling https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4845-6280
Li, Ziming
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82102795)
Article History
Received: 14 September 2025
Revised: 18 April 2026
Accepted: 19 May 2026
First Online: 2 June 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The Ethics Committee of the Research Institute of Shanghai Chest Hospital approved this study (Approval No. KS25267).