Liu, Gaoyu
Wang, Ying
Huang, Huachen
Wang, Jianye
Yang, Jinhao
Wu, Jingyi
Cao, Hailong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0147-7826
Zhang, Yuxin
Jing, Yuchao
Zhou, Pan
Yu, Ying https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6476-1752
Chen, Chun
Liu, Qiang
Zhou, Jie https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5964-1599
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81925018)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82130049)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82430055)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82201917)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82321001)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82225015)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82171284)
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2022M713571)
Article History
Received: 25 May 2025
Revised: 8 December 2025
Accepted: 9 January 2026
First Online: 9 February 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests. JZ is an editorial board member of Cellular & Molecular Immunology ; she has not been involved in the peer review or the decision-making of the manuscript.