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Authors
Lee, Eileen
Fitzgerald, Nurgül https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3749-7447
Downs, Shauna
Kuhrt, Nathaniel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0117-8519
Visaria, Aayush
Kalbag, Aparna
Setoguchi, Soko
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Article History
Received: 3 April 2024
Revised: 14 February 2025
Accepted: 17 March 2025
First Online: 2 April 2025
Competing interests
: Soko Setoguchi discloses having received research funding from Pfizer Inc., Pfizer Japan, BMS, and Daiichi Sankyo and served as a consultant for Pfizer Japan, and Merck Co. Inc. The authors have no conflicts of interest pertaining to the material in this manuscript.
: Because the NHANES dataset is publicly available, de-identified, and population-based, this study was considered non-human subjects research and exempt from Rutgers Institutional Review Board approval. The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Ethics Review Board (ERB) ensures the protection of all human participants. During the study period, NCHS ERB reviewed and approved NHANES survey protocols (Protocol #2005-06, #2011-17, #2018-01).
