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Authors
Rei, Mariana https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8945-3708
Silva, Catarina Campos
Torres, Duarte https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8960-2160
Sage, Colin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-4815
Rodrigues, Sara https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0647-5018
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Article History
Received: 31 August 2025
Revised: 27 January 2026
Accepted: 5 March 2026
First Online: 27 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study involved the secondary processing of data from the IAN-AF, which received ethical approval from the National Commission for Data Protection, the Ethics Committee of the Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto, and the Ethics Committees of each Regional Health Administration. All participants provided written informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and national legislation. A pseudo-anonymized database was used for the analysis.
